Power Point
PowerPoint is a presentation package we can present a good presentation about particular topic. Presentation contains information in slides we can insert object in slides to prepare beautiful application .
Objects we can insert in a slide as follows
· Textbox
· AutoShapes
· Frames
· WordArt
· Clip Art
· Picture
· Background Settings
· Audio
· Video
By using this application we can design animation, cartoons, notes and seminar applications etc.
Start à Program à Microsoft PowerPoint
(or)
Start à Run à Powerpnt à then press à Enter
Pack and Go:
This tool helps to pack all the slides of a presentation stores in a folder so that it can be accessed by any user whose system is connected to LAN. It means that “pack and Go” tool sends the presentation to all the users.
File à Pack and Go à next à Active presentation à next , choose destination à browse à select a folder à next à next à finish.
Slide sorter :
In slide sorter view you can see entire presentation (all slides )
Displayed in miniature . you can add slide transitions an preview slide transitions, animations, and timings . we can move slides form one place to another place in a presentation and also move or copy slides . this tools will be displayed at the left bottom of the screen in view menu .
View à slide sorter .
To return, view à Normal
Notes page :
By using this command we can add notes to a slide . it will be useful to the user to remember the things at runtime . notes page is found below the slide titled “ add notes “ .
Slide master :
PowerPoint comes with a special type of slide called the slide master . the slide master controls text characteristics ---- such as font type, size, and color --- called “ master text “ as well as background color and certain special effects such as shadowing and bullet style .
View à master à slide master .
Make some changes in the font style, font color , background, etc .
Finally close it .
Slides from files
This command option is mainly used to embed slides from other files in the current document .
To open slides from other files .
Click insert menu àselect “slides from files “
A slide finder “ window appears and select “ find presentation “ àbrowse
à select a file à click “ open “ you can find some slides inserted in the box of selected à click on “ Add to favorites “
select the List of favorites “ tab à select the filename
à click on “ insert all “ à close .
Design templates
Design templates contain color schemes , slide and title masters with custom Formatting , and styled fonts, all designed to create a particular look .
When you apply a design template to your presentation , the slide master
Title master and color scheme of the original presentation.After you apply a design template each slide you add has the same custom look
Open the presentation you want to apply a different design on the formatting toolbar, and then click Apply Design template .
Find and select the design you want to use ---- or any presentation whose design you want to use ---- and then click Apply .
Rehearse timings
You can set timings for your slides before you rehearse , or you can Set them automatically while you rehearse . if you set them before you rehearse you find it easiest to work in slide sorter view where you see miniatures of each slide in your presentation .
You can also set a different timing for each slide.
slide show à rehearse timings à after few seconds go on for the next slides .
Action buttons
PowerPoint also comes with some ready made action buttons you can insert in your presentations and define hyperlinks for . Action buttons contain shapes
Such as right and left arrows . use them when you want to include commonly understood symbols for going to next previous first and last slides .
First select the slide you want place button on .
To place button every slide .
Go to slide show à action buttons
Ex : home, back, next, forward, end, or return .
Custom Animation
This option is used to animate text and object
1. In normal display the slide that as a text or objects you want to animate.
2. On the Slide Show menu Click Customer Animation, and click Effects Tabs.
3. If you animating a Chart created in Microsoft Graph, Click the chart effect tab.
4. Under Check to animate slide objects, select the check the check box next to the text or object you want to animate.
5. Under Entry animation and sound and Introduce text (if you are animating text),select the option you want.
6. Repeat step 3 and 4 for every object you want to animate.
7. Click the order and timing tab.
8. To change the order of animation select the object you want to change under animation Order and then click one of the Arrows to move the objects up or down in the list.
To set timing, select the object and then do one of the following :
1. To start the animation by clicking the text or object, click on mouse click .
2 . To start the animation automatically, click Automatically, and then enter the numbers of seconds you want to elapse between the previous animation and the current one .
To preview animations click preview .
Animation preview :
Display the slide you want to preview.
1. On the Slide Show menu, click Animation Preview.
2. The transition and animation play in the Animation Preview window that appears. To replay the effects, click the Animation Preview window.
Slide Transition
A Special effect used to introduce a slide during a slide show. For example, dissolve from one slide to another. You can choose the transitions you vary the speed of each.
1. On the Slide Show menu, Click Slide Transition.
2. In the Effect box, select our required transition effect from combo box then Click on Apply (or) Apply All Button then
3. Run the Slide (F5)
Custom Show
A presentation within a presentation. When you create a custom show, you group slides in an existing presentation so that you can easily show that section of the presentation to a particular audience.
To create a custom show , Click Custom Shows on the Slide Show menu
Custom Show
Under Slides in presentation, select the slides you want to include in the custom show, and then click Add.
To select multiple slides, hold down CTRL as you click the slides.
To change the order in which slides appear ,select a slide, and then click one of the arrows to move the slide up or down in the list. Type a name in the Slide show name box , and then click Ok.
Important Questions
1. Write about features of PowerPoint
2. Explain about pack and go wizard and slide Sorter
3. Explain about Slide Master and Handouts
4. Meeting Minder, Rehearse timings, and Design Templates.
5. Explain about Custom Animation and Preset Animation.
6. Explain about slide transition and custom show.
Tuesday, January 01, 2008
Microsoft excel spread sheet references
Ms-Excel
Overview: A spreadsheet is like an accountant's ledger. As with a ledger, it consists of a grid of rows and columns that enables you to organize data into a manageable form. Excel is a spreadsheet program that allows you to organize data, complete calculations, make decisions, graph data, and develop professional-looking reports.
There are three major parts of Excel or any other spreadsheet program:
· Worksheets. Allow you to enter, calculate, manipulate and analyze data.
· Charts. Pictorially represent data in two-dimensional and three-dimensional charts.
· Databases. Help manage data. For instance, once the data is entered, the software program can then sort the data, search for specific data, and select data that meets a criteria. An advantage to using a spreadsheet program is that data can be recomputed instantly. For instance, if you change a student's score for a particular test, the spreadsheet program will automatically recalculate the total score to reflect the newly entered data. This cannot be done with a paper ledger unless you have an eraser or whiteout available near you
Screen Layout : Before one can use the Microsoft Excel program, certain screen features need to be addressed. Although many of the elements are the same as other Microsoft Office products, a few are very unique to spreadsheets (or Excel). The graphic below offers these unique, and
Common features include the Title bar, Menu bar, Standard Toolbar, and Format Toolbar. However, the unique features are the Sheet Tabs, Chart Toolbar, and Formula Bar. These unique features are explained below.
· Sheet Tabs - In Microsoft Excel, a workbook is the file in which you work and store your data and can contain many worksheets. Various kinds of related information can be organized in a single file through worksheets. The names of the sheets appear on tabs at the bottom of the workbook window.
· To toggle between sheets, just click the sheet tabs.
· Chart Toolbar - In Microsoft Excel, creating charts and graphs are common. Thus, there is a special toolbar designated toward the creating and editing of Excel charts and graphs. Most often, when you work on a chart or graph, the toolbar will appear. If it does not, go to View, then to Toolbars, and select Chart.
· Formula Bar - As data is entered into the cells, it appears in the formula bar at the top of the screen. It displays the content of the active call which can be edited later. The formula bar can display text, numbers, formulas, and functions. Certain features of the formula bar is given below.
Row and Column Headings
A spreadsheet is divided into rows and columns that are assigned to a heading. Rows are given numeric values that can range from 1 to 16,000. Columns, on the other hand, are assigned alphabetic headings from column A to Z, then continue from AA to AZ and then from BA to BZ and so on.
Cell Referencing
The cell is the intersection between a row and a column. Each cell is also identified by a cell reference such A1, B1, C1, and so on. The letter identifies the column and the number identifies the row.So, when someone tells you to look at the data in Cell B5, you first look at Column B and then scan down to Row 5. This will become Cell B5. In the example below, Cell B5 contains Walker's grade on Test 1 (which is a 90).
Working with the Data: Selecting a Cell
Before entering data into a cell, you must first select it by using one of the various methods:
MICROSYSS
· Click your mouse within the cell.
· Use the Arrow keys to move around the spreadsheet (up/down, left/right).
· Use the Tab key to move to the next cell within the same row.
· Use the Enter key to move the next cell down within the same column
Entering and Editing Data
When you see a heavy border around the cell, the cell is active and ready to take in the data.
To enter data into cells, just type in your data. Soon as you enter the text, a number, a formula or function, you will see the results in the Formula Bar.
if you want to give your worksheet a title, just click in a cell and type your title. For column headings, click in the appropriate cell and type in your heading. The same applies to rows. Look at the graphic below to see how headings and titles may look like in a spreadsheet.
To edit data within a cell, one can use one of two methods. First, a user could click within the cell and edit data that way. Second, a user could click within the formula bar to edit data. Either way, the data selected will be changed depending upon what you do.
When you see a heavy border around the cell, the cell is active and ready to take in the data.To enter data into cells, just type in your data. Soon as you enter the text, a number, a formula or function, you will see the results in the Formula Bar.
If you want to give your worksheet a title, just click in a cell and type your title. For column headings, click in the appropriate cell and type in your heading. The same applies to rows. Look at the graphic below to see how headings and titles may look like in a spreadsheet.. To clear data from multiple cells, move your mouse over the first cell within the group. A fat plus sign should be seen. Now, click and drag that fat plus sign over the selected cells until they are highlighted (grayed out). Then, use one of the methods mentioned above (easiest way is to press the Delete key).
Moving the Data: Moving data within a worksheet can be tricky at first if there is a lot of information on the worksheet. If data is minimal, it is easier to move about within the worksheet. Data such as text, numbers, formulas and functions, and charts can be moved from one location to another. The nice thing about Excel is that a formula or function will recalculate with the new set of cells after the move.
Managing Excel Worksheets:1) Opening and Closing Spreadsheets
This section will discuss certain procedures for starting and closing the Excel progra
m.
There are two ways to open the program:
· Double-click on the Excel icon located on the desktop.
· Click on the Start button and then go to Programs. Locate Microsoft Excel and click on that to start the program.
Once the program initiates, you will see a screen like the one below:
There are two ways to close the existing workbook.
· Go to File in the menu bar and select Close (or Exit if you want to exit Excel completely).
· Click on the Close button for that particular window (be careful not click on the Excel exit button).
Formulas and Functions:
Functions: A formula may also include a function, or predefined computational task, such as the AVERAGE or SUM function. Functions are useful when you want to perform calculations without having to type the formula (e.g., =(B3+C3+2D3)/4) in the formula bar.
Example:
Start with an equal sign. =
Followed by the name of the function. =SUM
A left parenthesis. =SUM(
Values to be used by the function. =SUM(B3:D3
A closing right parenthesis. =SUM(B3:D3)
Formatting Toolbar: There are many things that one can do to improve the appearance and presentation of spreadsheets. Changing the format of numeric data, adding shading and borders, and merging cells are just a few of the editing methods one can use to improve the appearance of spreadsheets. The formatting toolbar contains many features that can be used to edit the appearance of spreadsheets. These are explained below:
Font Typeface - Change the typeface of the font in a selected cell(s). To change font typeface for multiple cells, select the cells and then change the typeface.
Font Size - Change the size of the font in a selected cell(s). To change font size for multiple cells, select the cells and then change the typeface. To change font size for multiple cells, select the cells and then change the size.
Font Style - Change the font to bold, italicize, or underline. To change font typeface for multiple cells, select the cells and then change the typeface.
Alignment - Change the alignment of certain cells to either left, right or centered aligned. Select the cell(s) and click one of the buttons.
Merge Cells - Merge several cells into one cell. Select the cells desired and then click on the Merge Cell button.
Number Format - Change the appearance of data into currency ($), percent (%), or comma (.00) style. Select the desired cells and click on one of the buttons.
Decimal Places - Increase or decrease the number of decimal places. Select the cell or cells and click on one of the buttons.
Borders - Add borders to a selected cell(s). Click on a cell or highlight several cells and click the border button. If you want variation in the borders' appearance, click the down arrow to bring a dropdown menu and click on your preferred style.
Fill Color - Add a fill color to a cell(s). Select the cell or cells and click on the Fill Color button. If you want another color, click on the down arrow next to the button to open another menu of colors.
Font Color - Change color of the font in an existing cell(s). Select the cell(s) and click on the Font Color button. If the color is not what you wanted, click on the down arrow.
Changing Numeric Data: Numeric (and textual) data can vary in form. One can change numeric data into a decimal, percentage, fraction, or currency form. There are others and one has much flexibility in the way numeric data is formatted.A new dialog window will appear with several tabs. Make sure that the Number tab is showing (if it is not, click on
Placing Borders around Cells: Cells in spreadsheets can have borders around them to help make the data appear more organized. In addition, the use of borders can also help accentuate certain data that you want readers to notice first.Using the Format Toolbar is one method for adding borders around cells. However, there is another method that allows users to have more control in the way data appears.
To add borders around cells containing data, go to Format in the
toolbar and click on Cells. A new dialog window will appear with several tabs. Make sure that the Border tab is showing (if it is not, click on it).
Merge Cells: Sometimes mergining multiple cells into one is necessary (especially for titles and labels) in worksheets. Merging multiple cells is not that difficult and there are two ways that this can be accomplished.
To merge cells using the format toolbar, follow the given steps:
· Once this button is clicked, the multiple cells that were selected turns into one elongated cell with center alignment. You are now ready to type in the data.
To merge cells using the toolbar option, follow the given steps:
· Select the cells to be merged by clicking on the first cell and dragging the mouse across to the other cells.
· After letting the mouse button loose, go to Format on the toolbar. Click on the Cells option.
· A Format Cells window will appear with several tabs. Choose the Alignment tab by clicking on it and click on the square near the Merge Cells options toward the bottom. In the Horizontal alignment section, select the format you want (e.g., Left, Right, Center, Fill, Center )
· Across selection.
·
Overview: A spreadsheet is like an accountant's ledger. As with a ledger, it consists of a grid of rows and columns that enables you to organize data into a manageable form. Excel is a spreadsheet program that allows you to organize data, complete calculations, make decisions, graph data, and develop professional-looking reports.
There are three major parts of Excel or any other spreadsheet program:
· Worksheets. Allow you to enter, calculate, manipulate and analyze data.
· Charts. Pictorially represent data in two-dimensional and three-dimensional charts.
· Databases. Help manage data. For instance, once the data is entered, the software program can then sort the data, search for specific data, and select data that meets a criteria. An advantage to using a spreadsheet program is that data can be recomputed instantly. For instance, if you change a student's score for a particular test, the spreadsheet program will automatically recalculate the total score to reflect the newly entered data. This cannot be done with a paper ledger unless you have an eraser or whiteout available near you
Screen Layout : Before one can use the Microsoft Excel program, certain screen features need to be addressed. Although many of the elements are the same as other Microsoft Office products, a few are very unique to spreadsheets (or Excel). The graphic below offers these unique, and
Common features include the Title bar, Menu bar, Standard Toolbar, and Format Toolbar. However, the unique features are the Sheet Tabs, Chart Toolbar, and Formula Bar. These unique features are explained below.
· Sheet Tabs - In Microsoft Excel, a workbook is the file in which you work and store your data and can contain many worksheets. Various kinds of related information can be organized in a single file through worksheets. The names of the sheets appear on tabs at the bottom of the workbook window.
· To toggle between sheets, just click the sheet tabs.
· Chart Toolbar - In Microsoft Excel, creating charts and graphs are common. Thus, there is a special toolbar designated toward the creating and editing of Excel charts and graphs. Most often, when you work on a chart or graph, the toolbar will appear. If it does not, go to View, then to Toolbars, and select Chart.
· Formula Bar - As data is entered into the cells, it appears in the formula bar at the top of the screen. It displays the content of the active call which can be edited later. The formula bar can display text, numbers, formulas, and functions. Certain features of the formula bar is given below.
Row and Column Headings
A spreadsheet is divided into rows and columns that are assigned to a heading. Rows are given numeric values that can range from 1 to 16,000. Columns, on the other hand, are assigned alphabetic headings from column A to Z, then continue from AA to AZ and then from BA to BZ and so on.
Cell Referencing
The cell is the intersection between a row and a column. Each cell is also identified by a cell reference such A1, B1, C1, and so on. The letter identifies the column and the number identifies the row.So, when someone tells you to look at the data in Cell B5, you first look at Column B and then scan down to Row 5. This will become Cell B5. In the example below, Cell B5 contains Walker's grade on Test 1 (which is a 90).
Working with the Data: Selecting a Cell
Before entering data into a cell, you must first select it by using one of the various methods:
MICROSYSS
· Click your mouse within the cell.
· Use the Arrow keys to move around the spreadsheet (up/down, left/right).
· Use the Tab key to move to the next cell within the same row.
· Use the Enter key to move the next cell down within the same column
Entering and Editing Data
When you see a heavy border around the cell, the cell is active and ready to take in the data.
To enter data into cells, just type in your data. Soon as you enter the text, a number, a formula or function, you will see the results in the Formula Bar.
if you want to give your worksheet a title, just click in a cell and type your title. For column headings, click in the appropriate cell and type in your heading. The same applies to rows. Look at the graphic below to see how headings and titles may look like in a spreadsheet.
To edit data within a cell, one can use one of two methods. First, a user could click within the cell and edit data that way. Second, a user could click within the formula bar to edit data. Either way, the data selected will be changed depending upon what you do.
When you see a heavy border around the cell, the cell is active and ready to take in the data.To enter data into cells, just type in your data. Soon as you enter the text, a number, a formula or function, you will see the results in the Formula Bar.
If you want to give your worksheet a title, just click in a cell and type your title. For column headings, click in the appropriate cell and type in your heading. The same applies to rows. Look at the graphic below to see how headings and titles may look like in a spreadsheet.. To clear data from multiple cells, move your mouse over the first cell within the group. A fat plus sign should be seen. Now, click and drag that fat plus sign over the selected cells until they are highlighted (grayed out). Then, use one of the methods mentioned above (easiest way is to press the Delete key).
Moving the Data: Moving data within a worksheet can be tricky at first if there is a lot of information on the worksheet. If data is minimal, it is easier to move about within the worksheet. Data such as text, numbers, formulas and functions, and charts can be moved from one location to another. The nice thing about Excel is that a formula or function will recalculate with the new set of cells after the move.
Managing Excel Worksheets:1) Opening and Closing Spreadsheets
This section will discuss certain procedures for starting and closing the Excel progra
m.
There are two ways to open the program:
· Double-click on the Excel icon located on the desktop.
· Click on the Start button and then go to Programs. Locate Microsoft Excel and click on that to start the program.
Once the program initiates, you will see a screen like the one below:
There are two ways to close the existing workbook.
· Go to File in the menu bar and select Close (or Exit if you want to exit Excel completely).
· Click on the Close button for that particular window (be careful not click on the Excel exit button).
Formulas and Functions:
Functions: A formula may also include a function, or predefined computational task, such as the AVERAGE or SUM function. Functions are useful when you want to perform calculations without having to type the formula (e.g., =(B3+C3+2D3)/4) in the formula bar.
Example:
Start with an equal sign. =
Followed by the name of the function. =SUM
A left parenthesis. =SUM(
Values to be used by the function. =SUM(B3:D3
A closing right parenthesis. =SUM(B3:D3)
Formatting Toolbar: There are many things that one can do to improve the appearance and presentation of spreadsheets. Changing the format of numeric data, adding shading and borders, and merging cells are just a few of the editing methods one can use to improve the appearance of spreadsheets. The formatting toolbar contains many features that can be used to edit the appearance of spreadsheets. These are explained below:
Font Typeface - Change the typeface of the font in a selected cell(s). To change font typeface for multiple cells, select the cells and then change the typeface.
Font Size - Change the size of the font in a selected cell(s). To change font size for multiple cells, select the cells and then change the typeface. To change font size for multiple cells, select the cells and then change the size.
Font Style - Change the font to bold, italicize, or underline. To change font typeface for multiple cells, select the cells and then change the typeface.
Alignment - Change the alignment of certain cells to either left, right or centered aligned. Select the cell(s) and click one of the buttons.
Merge Cells - Merge several cells into one cell. Select the cells desired and then click on the Merge Cell button.
Number Format - Change the appearance of data into currency ($), percent (%), or comma (.00) style. Select the desired cells and click on one of the buttons.
Decimal Places - Increase or decrease the number of decimal places. Select the cell or cells and click on one of the buttons.
Borders - Add borders to a selected cell(s). Click on a cell or highlight several cells and click the border button. If you want variation in the borders' appearance, click the down arrow to bring a dropdown menu and click on your preferred style.
Fill Color - Add a fill color to a cell(s). Select the cell or cells and click on the Fill Color button. If you want another color, click on the down arrow next to the button to open another menu of colors.
Font Color - Change color of the font in an existing cell(s). Select the cell(s) and click on the Font Color button. If the color is not what you wanted, click on the down arrow.
Changing Numeric Data: Numeric (and textual) data can vary in form. One can change numeric data into a decimal, percentage, fraction, or currency form. There are others and one has much flexibility in the way numeric data is formatted.A new dialog window will appear with several tabs. Make sure that the Number tab is showing (if it is not, click on
Placing Borders around Cells: Cells in spreadsheets can have borders around them to help make the data appear more organized. In addition, the use of borders can also help accentuate certain data that you want readers to notice first.Using the Format Toolbar is one method for adding borders around cells. However, there is another method that allows users to have more control in the way data appears.
To add borders around cells containing data, go to Format in the
toolbar and click on Cells. A new dialog window will appear with several tabs. Make sure that the Border tab is showing (if it is not, click on it).
Merge Cells: Sometimes mergining multiple cells into one is necessary (especially for titles and labels) in worksheets. Merging multiple cells is not that difficult and there are two ways that this can be accomplished.
To merge cells using the format toolbar, follow the given steps:
· Once this button is clicked, the multiple cells that were selected turns into one elongated cell with center alignment. You are now ready to type in the data.
To merge cells using the toolbar option, follow the given steps:
· Select the cells to be merged by clicking on the first cell and dragging the mouse across to the other cells.
· After letting the mouse button loose, go to Format on the toolbar. Click on the Cells option.
· A Format Cells window will appear with several tabs. Choose the Alignment tab by clicking on it and click on the square near the Merge Cells options toward the bottom. In the Horizontal alignment section, select the format you want (e.g., Left, Right, Center, Fill, Center )
· Across selection.
·
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